Ivalvu yamulyangonchintu chidumide loko chibelesyegwa muzintu zyiingi. Chibelesyegwa kapati mukubamba maanzi, kupanga zintu zyabutale azimwi zintu. Kuchita kwayo kwamisyobo yoonse kwazyibwa amusika. Mukuyungizya kukwiiya kwa vvalavu lyamulyango, kwakachita alubo lwiiyo lupati lwakubelesya akumanizya mapenzimavalvu aamulyango.
Eezi zitobela nkubandika aatala abupange, kubelesya, kumana mapenzi, kulanga bubotu azimwi zintu zyamavalvu aamulyango.
1. Bupange
Bupange bwavvalavu yamulyango: chivvalavu yamulyangoni vvalavu ibelesya chipulo chamulyango achibbula cha vvalavu kweendelezya kujalula akujala.Ivalvu yamulyangoikapati zibikkilizya mubili wavalvu, chibbula chavalvu, bbazu lyamulyango, chisiko chavalvu, chibbokesi, kabbokesi kakubikkila zintu, nsinga zyakubikkila zintu, nsingo yachisiko, vwili lyamaanza azimwi buyo. Kwiinda mukucinca kwabusena buli akati kamulyango achibbula chavalvu, bupati bwenzila bulakonzya kuchincha mpawo nzila ilakonzya kugonkwa. Mukuchita kutivvalavu yamulyangojala chakusinizya, busena bwakuswaangana bwamulyango achibbula chavalvu zili ansi.
Kweelana abupange bwiindene bwamavalvu aamulyango, mavalvu aamulyango alakonzya kwaandaanizyigwa mumusyobo wa wedge a parallel type.
Mulyango wa wedgevvalavu yamulyangoili muchikozyano chamweembo, mpawo busena bwakujala bupanga kkona litali kabotu amuzila waakati kamugwagwa, mpawo mweembo uuliko aakati kamulyango achuuno cha valve ulabelesyegwa kujala (kujala). Ipuleti ya wedge ilakonzya kuba mbelele yomwe naa mbelele zyobile.
Busena bwakujala bwa valve yamulyango uukozyenye buliimpene kuli umwi amweenzinyina mpawo buliimvwi aakati kamugwagwa, mpo kuli misyobo yobile: ilijisi nzila yakuyungizya anzila iitakwe nzila yakuyungizya. Kuli mbelele zyobile zili anzila yakumwaya. Eelyo mbelele noziseluka, zibeela zyambelele zyobile zyeendelana ziyootandabika mbelele zyobile aachibbula chavalvu kuchitila kuti zikwabilile nzila yamaanzi. Eelyo mbelele nozinyamuka akujaluka, zibeela amilyango zilaandaanizyigwa, bbazu lyamulyango lilatanta kusikila kubulamfwu bumwi, mpawo ntambo ilagwasyilizyigwa amweendelezi wamulyango. Mulyango wabili uutakwe nzila yakuyungizya, eelyo mulyango nuunjila muchuuno chavalvu kumbali aazibeela zyobile zyakukkala zikozyenye, nguzu zyamaanzi zilabelesyegwa kusinikizya mulyango kumubili wavalvu kulubazu lwakuzwa lwavalvu kujala maanzi.
Kweelana akweenda kwachisiko chavalvu aawo mulyango nujulwa akujalwa, vvalavu lyamulyango lyaandaanizyigwa muzibeela zyobile: vvalavu lyamulyango lyamulyango litanta a vvalavu lyamulyango uusisidwe. Chisiko cha valve antoomwe a gate plate ya valve ya gate stem itanta akuseluka achiindi chomwe aawo noijalulwa naa kujalwa; eelyo vvalavu yamulyango wamulyango uusisidwe noijalulwa naa kujalwa, vvalavu ilazungaana biyo, mpawo kusumpuka kwamulyango takukonzyi kubonwa, mpawo bbaaji lyamulyango lilatanta naa kuseluka. Bubotu bwamulyango wamulyango uutanta mbwakuti bulamfu bwakujalula nzila bulakonzya kubetekwa kwiinda mukutanta kwamulyango wamulyango, asi bulamfu buliwo bulakonzya kufwiinsigwa. Aawo nolanga vwili lyamaanza naakuti cijatisyo, kojokezya vwili lyamaanza naakuti cijatisyo kuya kulubazu lwawoola kuchitila kuti ujale vvalavu.
2. Ziindi anzila zyakusala zyamavalvu aamulyango
01. Chipapaletevvalavu yamulyango
Kubelesya ziindi zya slab gate valve:
(1) Kumapaipi aamafuta aamuwo, vvalavu yamulyango uupapalete uujisi mabbanga aakugwisya nzila ayalo nchintu nchuubauba kusalazya mapaipi.
(2) Mipaipi azibelesyo zyakuyobweda mafuta aasalala.
(3) Kubelesya minchina yamafuta aamuwo.
(4) Mipaipi iijisi zintu ziimvwi nji.
(5) Mulongo wakutola gasi mudolopo.
(6) Milimu yamaanzi.
Njiisyo yakusala bbwevvalavu yamulyango:
(1) Kumapaipi aamafuta aamuwo, kobelesya bbwe lyomwe naa zyobilemavalvu aamulyango. Kuti kakuli kuyandika kusalazya mupaipi, kobelesya mulyango omwe uulaa mulyango uujalukide.
(2) Kupayipi lyakweenzya azibelesyo zyakuyobweda mafuta aasalazyidwe, vvalavu yamulyango uupapalete iijisi ram yomwe naa ram yobile iitakwe zibulo zyakuleya ilasalwa.
(3) Kukubikka maanda aakugwisya mafuta aamuwo, mavalvu aamulyango omwe naa obilo aajisi zyuuno zisisidwe zyakutanta alimwi amabbanga aakugwisya nzila zilasalwa.
(4) Kumapaipi ajisi zintu ziimvwi, mavalvu aamulyango uupangidwe mbuli peni alasalwa.
(5) Kumapaipi aakutola muya mumadolopo, kobelesya mavalvu aamulyango omwe naa milyango yobilo iijisi mulyango uuteteete.
(6) Kumapulojekiti aameenda aamupompi, mavalvu aamulyango omwe naa milyango yobile ajisi nkoli zijalukide kakunyina mabbanga aakugwisya nzila zilasalwa.
02. Wedge gate valve
Ziindi zibeleka zya wedge gate valve: Akati kamisyobo yiindene yama valve, gate valve njenjiyo iibelesyegwa kapati. Kanjaanji chikonzya kubelesegwa buyo kujalula naakuti kujala, mpo tachikonzyi kubelesegwa mukweendelezya akulesya.
Mavalvu aamulyango wa wedge kanjikanji abelesyegwa mumasena aatakwe milawu iigaminide aatala abwaamba bwaanze bwavalvu, mpawo bukkale bwakubeleka bulakatazya. Mbuli chitondeezyo, nzila yakubeleka yakupya kapati akusinikizyigwa kapati iyandika kuti zibeela zyakujala zikonzye kujala kwachiindi chilamfu, azimwi.
Kanjaanji, bukkale bwakubeleka naakuti buyanda kuti kube kujala kusyomeka, kusinikizya kupati, kusinikizyigwa kupati (kwiindana kupati kwakusinikizyigwa), kugonkwa kwakusinikizyigwa kusyoonto (kwiindana kusyoonto kwakusinikizyigwa), muzuzumo muniini, kuvwuuma akuvwuuma, kupya kapati akati-kati, kupya kusyoonto (cryogenic), nkubotu kubelesya vvalavu ya Wedge gate. Mbuli makkampani aapanga manguzu, kusungulula mafuta, makkampani aapanga mafuta, mafuta aali kunkomwe yalwizi, injiniya zyakujana maanzi alimwi abusilisi bwakusalazya tombe mumaanda aakuyaka mumadolopo, makkampani aapanga makemikalu azimwi zilabelesyegwa kapati.
Njiisyo yakusala:
(1) Ziyandikana aatala abube bwamaanzi aamuvalvu. Mavalvu aamulyango asalwa kuti abelekele mubukkale butakwe nguzu zyakukasya maanzi, nguzu zyamaanzi ziyumu, bube bwamaanzi mabotu, alimwi azyeelelo zyakujala ziyumu.
(2) Kupya kupati antoomwe akusinikizyigwa kupati. Mbuli busi bujisi nguzu kapati, kupya kapati alimwi amafuta aajisi nguzu kapati.
(3) Kupya kusyoonto (cryogenic) akati-kati. Mbuli ammonia yamaanzi, hydrogen yamaanzi, oxygen yamaanzi azimwi zintu.
(4) Kuyuma kusyoonto alimwi abwaamba bupati. Mbuli milimu yamaanzi, milimu yakusalazya tombe.
(5) Busena bwakubikkila: Aawo bulamfu bwakubikkila nobuli buniini, sala vvalavu yamulyango uusisidwe; eelyo bulamfu nobutakasyidwe, sala vvalavu lyamulyango wachisiko chili antangalala.
(6) Mavalvu aamulyango wa Wedge alakonzya kubelesegwa biyo aawo naakonzya kubelesegwa buyo kujalula naa kujala, mpawo taakonzyi kubelesegwa kubambulula akulesya muya.
3. Tumpenda tudumide akubamba
01. Tumpenda tudumide azintu zipa kutimavalvu aamulyango
Nikwakaindavvalavu yamulyangolilabelesyegwa, akaambo kakupya kwaakati aakati, kusinikizyigwa, kubola akuzungaana kwazibeela zisiyene, mapenzi aaya alachitika.
(1) Kuvwundauka: Kuli misyobo yobile, nkokuti kuvwundauka kwaanze akuvwundauka kwamukati. Kuvwundauka kunze lya vvalavu kwategwa kuvwundauka kwaanze, mpawo kuvwundauka kwaanze kujanika mumabbokesi aakubikkila zintu antoomwe akujatana kwa flange.
Twaambo twakapa kuti bbokesi lyakuzuzya lizwe: musyobo naa bubotu bwazintu zyakuzuzya tazizuzikizyi zyeelelo; zyakuzuzya zyachembaala naakuti chisiko cha valve chakamana; nsinga zyakupaka zilivwungulukide; atala aachisiko cha valve kuli bbivwe.
Twaambo tupa kuti kube kuvwundauka kwa flange: Chintu naa bupati bwa gasket tabuzuzikizyi ziyandika pe; bubotu bwakuchita zintu zyakujala flange tabuli kabotu pe; zibulo zyakuswaanganya tazijatilidwe kabotu pe; bupange bwamupaipi tabuli kabotu pe, mpawo mukuli uuyungizyidwe wiinda ulajanika aawo mpokuswaangana.
Twaambo tupa kuti vvalavu izwe mukati: Ikuzwa akaambo kakujalwa kwa vvalavu nkuzwa mukati, ooko kweetelezegwa akunyonyooka kwabusena bwakujala bwa vvalavu naakuti muyanda uutali kabotu wa vvalavu.
(1) Kubola kanjikanji nkubola kwa mubili wa valve, bonnet, chisiko cha valve, antoomwe a flange sealing surface. Kubola kulachitika akaambo kakubeleka kwachintu chili akati, antoomwe akuzwa kwama ion kuzwa kuzintu zizuzya azyakubikkila.
(2) Zilonda: kuyuma kwabusena ooko kuchitika aawo mulyango achibbula chavalvu nozizungaana kweendelana aansi aanguzu zyakujatana.
02. Kubambavvalavu yamulyango
(1) Kubambulula kuvwundauka kwaanze kwavalvu
Notusinkilila zintu, mabbuluti aama gland ayelede kweendelana kuchitila kuti gland itazungaani akusiya busena bwakuvwumbilila. Notusinkilila chipaki, chisiko cha valve cheelede kuzungaanisigwa kuchitila kuti chipaki chizingulukide chisiko cha valve chikozyane, mpawo kutabilila kusinikizya kuti kutabi kuyuma loko, kuchitila kuti kutanyonganyi kuzungaana kwa chisiko cha valve, kuyungizya kubola kwa packing, akufwiinsya buumi bwakubeleka. Busena bwachisiko cha valve bulikwe bbivwe, eezi zipa kuti chintu chili mukati chizwa anze. Kweelede kubelesegwa kuchitila kuti kugwisigwe zilonda zili atala aachisiko cha valve kaitanabelesegwa.
Kuli kuvwundauka kwa flange, ikuti naa gasket yanyonyooka, yeelede kucincwa; kuti naa zintu zya gasket tiizyakasalwa kabotu, zintu zikonzya kuzuzikizya ziyandika zyakubelesya zyeelede kusalwa; kuti naa bubotu bwakubamba bbwe lyakujala flange tabuli kabotu, bweelede kugwisigwa akubambululwa. Busena bwakujala bwa flange bulabambululwa kusikila bwazumizigwa.
Mukuyungizya, kuyumya kabotu mabbuluti aa flange, kubamba kabotu mapaipi, akutantamuka mukuli uuyungizyidwe kapati aawo mpozijatikizyidwe flange zyoonse zilagwasya kutabilila kuvwundauka kuma flange.
(2) Kubambulula kuvwundauka kwamukati ka valvu
Kubambulula kuvwundauka kwamukati nkugwisya kunyonyooka kwabusena bwakujala antoomwe amuyanda uuzwa wa ringi yakujala (awo ringi yakujala noyakabikkwa aapuleti lya valve naakuti achibbula kwiinda mukusinikizya naa kubikka nsinga). Ikuti naa busena bwakujala bwabikkwa amubili wavalvu alimwi acipulo cavalvu, kunyina penzi lyakuvwunguluka kwamiyanda akuvwundauka.
Eelyo busena bwakujala nobwanyonyooka loko mpawo busena bwakujala bwabambwa achikwabilizyo, chikwabilizyo chakaindi cheelede kugwisigwa mpawo chikwabilizyo chipya cheelede kupegwa; kuti naa busena bwakujala bwabikkwa amubili wavalvu, busena bwakujala bwakanyonyooka bweelede kugwisigwa kusaanguna. Gwisya, mpawo ugaye nkomo mpya yakujala naakuti busena bwakabelesegwa kuti bube busena bupya bwakujala. Eelyo zilonda, zilonda, zilonda, zilonda azimwi zilubide aabusena bwakujala zili munsi aa 0.05mm, zilakonzya kugwisigwa akugaya.
Kuvwundauka kulachitika kumuyanda wa ringi yakujala. Eelyo nkomo yakujala yabamba kwiinda mukusinikizya, bikka tepu ya tetrafluoroethylene naa penti iituba iiteteete atalavvalavuchibbula naakuti munsi aamugoti wa ringi ya ringi yakujala, mpawo usinikizye ringi yakujala kuti izuzye muyanda wa ringi yakujala; Aawo nkomo yakujala niyabikkwa nsinga, teepu ya PTFE naakuti penti iituba yeelede kubikkwa aakati kansinga kuchitila kutabilila maanzi kuti atazwi akati kansinga.
(3) Kubambulula kubola kwavalvu
Mubukkale buli kabotu, mubili wa valve a bonet zilabola mbubwenya, mpawo chisiko cha valve kanjikanji chili amabbanga. Notubambulula, zintu zyakabola zyeelede kugwisigwa kusaanguna. Kuchisiko cha valve chili amabbanga, cheelede kubelesegwa a lathe kuchitila kuti kutabi kutyompokelwa, mpawo ubelesye chizuzya chili a slow-release agent, naakuti kusanzya chizuzya aamaanzi aasalala kuchitila kuti chizuzyo chigwisye chintu chikonzya kuchisa chisiko cha valve. ion zibola.
(4) Kubambulula zilonda aawo mpozijala
Muchiindi chakubelesya vvalavu, ssola kulesya busena bwakujala kuti butanyonyooki, mpawo nguzu tazyeelede kuba zipati loko aawo nojala vvalavu. Ikuti naa busena bwakujala bwazwa, bulakonzya kugwisigwa kwiinda mukugaya.
4. Kuzibavvalavu yamulyango
Mubukkale bwamakwebo buliwo lino azintu nzyobayanda babelesi, butalemavalvu aamulyangoakaunti mpati. Mbuli sikulanga bubotu bwachintu, kunze lyakuziba bubotu bwachintu, weelede kuba aluzibo lubotu lwachintu eecho.
01. Nzila yakuzyiba butalevvalavu yamulyango
Ayinimavalvu aamulyangozilasunkwa kweendelanya amulawu wanyika yoonse GB/T12232-2005 "Butale bujisi nkomomavalvu aamulyangoyamavwili woonse".
02. Zintu zyakulanga zyabutalevvalavu yamulyango
Zibikkilizyidwe kapati: zitondezyo, bupati bwabwaanda, kusunkwa kwakusinikizyigwa, kusunkwa kwachikwabilizyo, azimwi. Akati kazeezi, bupati bwabwaanda, kusinikizyigwa, akusunkwa kwachikwabilizyo nzintu ziyandikana mukulanga-langa azintu zipati. Kuti kakuli zintu ziteelede, zilakonzya kubetekwa kuti nzintu ziteelede pe.
Mubufwiifwi, kulanga bubotu bwachintu nchintu chipati loko mukulanga zintu zyoonse, mpawo bupati bwacho bulalibonya. Mbuli babelesi bali kunembo mukulanga-langa, tweelede kuyumya bubotu bwesu, kutali buyo kuchita mulimu mubotu mukulanga-langa zintu, pesi alubo kuti kwiinda mukumvwisisisya zintu zyalangwa-langwa tulakonzya kuchita mulimu mubotu wakulanga-langa.
Chiindi chakutumizya: Mar-31-2023
