Kulanga-langa
Valvenchintu chiyandikana loko muminchina yoonse. Chibikkwa mumapayipi aasiyene naakuti minchina kuti yeendelezye kweenda kwamedium kwiinda mukuchincha busena bwamugwagwa muvalvu. Milimu yayo njakuti: kuswaanganya naa kugonka zyintu zili akati, kulesya zintu zili akati kuti zitajoki, kuchincha zyeelelo zilimbuli nguzu zyaakati aakati akuzuza, kuchincha nzila kweenda kwachintu, kwaandaanya zintu zili akati naa kukwabilila mapaipi azibelesyo kuti zitanjili muchiindi chilamfu, azimwi.
Kuli misyobo myiingi yazibelesyo zya valve, eezyo zyaandaanizyigwa muvvalavu yamulyango, globe valve,vvalavu yakulanga, vvalavu yabbola,valve ya butterfly, vvalavu ya pulagi, vvalavu ya diaphragm, vvalavu yakukwabilila, vvalavu yakulanganya (valavu yakulela), vvalavu ya throttle, vvalavu yakucesya muya ama Traps, azimwi; Kweelana azintu zyakabambwa, zyaandaanizyidwe muzibeela zya copper alloy, cast iron, carbon steel, alloy steel, austenitic steel, ferritic-austenitic dual-phase steel, nickel-based alloy, titanium alloy, engineering plastics and ceramic valves, azimwi. Mukuyungizya, kuli ma valve aalibedelede mbuli ultra-high pressure valves, vacuum valves, valves yamagesi alimwi amapaipi, mavalvu aakubelesya mumakkampani aa nyukiliya, mavalvu aamaato alimwi amavalvu aa cryogenic. Misyobo myiingi yamavalvu, bupati buzwa ku DN1 (chibeela mu mm) kusikila ku DN9750; muya uuzwa ku ultra-vacuum ya 1× 10-10 mmHg (1mmHg = 133.322Pa) kusikila ku ultra-high pressure ya PN14600 (unit of 105 Pa); Kupya kwakubeleka kuzwa kukupya kwaansi kapati kwa -269℃kusikila kukupya kapati kwa 1200℃.
Zintu zya Valve zibelesyegwa kapati mumasena aasiyene-siyene aabuvubi bwacisi, mbuli mafuta, muya wacilengwaleza, kusalazya akubamba mafuta aamuwo alimwi anzila zyakweenzya mapaipi, zintu zipangwa amakemikalu, nzila zyakupanga misamu alimwi azyakulya, nguzu zyamaanzi, nguzu zyakupya alimwi anzila zyakupanga nguzu zya nyukiliya; Misyobo yiindene-indene yamavalvu ilabelesyegwa kapati mukupyisya akupa manguzu, nzila zyakupanga zintu zyabutale, nzila zyakubelesya maanzi mumaato, myootokala, ndeke amishini iindene-indene yazisobano, anzila zyakutilila akugwisya maanzi mumapulazi. Mukuyungizya, mumbazu zyabusongo bupya mbuli zyakulikwabilila azyamulengalenga, mavalvu aasiyene-siyene ajisi zintu zilibedelede azyalo zilabelesyegwa.
Zintu zipangwa aamavwili zilapanga chibeela chipati chazintu zipangwa amuncini. Kweelana amyeelwe yamasi aambi aasumpukide, mpindu yamavwili ilasika ku 5% yampindu yamakwebo woonse aaminchina. Kweelana amyeelwe, busena bwakupanga manguzu aa nyukiliya bujisi mamiliyoni obile aama kilowatt mayuniti aali 28,000 aabelesyegwa antoomwe, aali 12,000 aali 12,000 ngamavalvu aamunsumbu ya nyukiliya. Busena bupati bwakupanga mafuta bwamazubaano buyanda myaanda yazyuulu zyamavalvu aasiyene, mpawo mali aabikkwa mumavalvu kanjikanji asika ku 8% kusikila ku 10% yamali yoonse iibelesyegwa muzibelesyo.
Bukkale bwamakwebo aamavwili muChina yakaindi
01 Busena bwakuzyalilwa kwamakwebo aamavalvu muChina: Shanghai
MuChina yakaindi, Shanghai wakali busena bwakusaanguna kupanga mavwili muChina. Mu 1902, Pan Shunji Copper Workshop, iili a Wuchang Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, yakatalika kupanga tubunga tuniini twama pompi aa tii amaanza. Pompi ya tii ili mbuli nkumba yamukuba. Ngusikupanga mavwili wakusaanguna muChina uuzyibidwe kusikila lino. Mu 1919, Deda (Shengji) Hardware Factory (yakasaanguna ku Shanghai Transmission Machinery Factory) yakatalika kuzwa ku bbasiketi nsyoonto mpawo yakatalika kupanga ma copper masyoonto, ma globe valve, ma gate valve alimwi ama fire hydrants. Kupanga mavalvu aabutale kwakatalika mu 1926, abwaanda bupati bwa NPS6 (mumainchi, NPS1 = DN25.4). Muchiindi eechi, mafakitali aazibelesyo zilimbuli Wang Yingqiang, Dahua, Lao Demao antoomwe a Maoxu abalo bakajula kupanga mavalvu. Kuzwa waawo, akaambo kakuvwula kwakuyanda kwamavalvu aakubelesya mapaipi mumusika, tubunga tumwi twamafakitoli aapanga zintu zyakubelesya, mafakitali aabutale, mafakitali aakupanga musenga (kusofwaazya) alimwi amafakitoli aapanga mincini zyakajulwa kupanga mavalvu aamwi.
Kabunga kapanga mavalvu kakabambwa mumasena aa Zhonghongqiao, Waihongqiao, Daming Road antoomwe a Changzhi Road mu Hongkou District, Shanghai. Aachiindi eecho, zintu zyakali kusambalwa kapati mumusika wamucisi zyakali "Mutwe wabbiza", "Ztatu 8′′, "Ztatu 9", "Mali Aabili", "Nsinga yabutale", "Bbola lyaNkuku" antoomwe a "Bbola lyaNziba". Zibelesyo zyamavwili aamukuba uutegwa low-pressure alimwi abutale butegwa zibelesyegwa kapati mukupanga mapaipi mumayake amumasena aasalala, alimwi mavwili masyoonto aabutale abelesyegwa mumakwebo aazisani zitakatazyi. Aaya mafakitoli masyoonto loko, ajisi tuncini twamusyule, zibelesyo zyamafakitoli zitakatazyi alimwi akubelesya mavwili masyoonto, asi ngawo mpaakatalikila makwebo aamavwili muChina. Musule, nikwakatalisyigwa kabunga ka Shanghai Construction Hardware Association, aaba basikupanga mavwili bakanjila mukabunga aaka mpawo bakaba kabunga kanzila zyamaanzi. chiinga.
02Mafakitali obile mapati aapanga mavalvu
Kumatalikilo aamwaka wa 1930, Shanghai Shenhe Machinery Factory yakapanga mavalvu aamulyango wabutale butakwe nguzu zili munsi aa NPS12 aakubelesya mumaanzi. Mu 1935, fakitali yakatalisya mbunga antoomwe a Xiangfeng Iron Pipe Factory antoomwe a Xiangtai Iron Co., Ltd. basimakwebo kuti bayake Daxin Iron Factory (yakasaanguna Shanghai Bicycle Factory), mu 1936 Yakamanizyigwa akubikkwa mumulimo, kuli babelesi basika ku 100, antoomwe a zhang (261) bakazwa kunze aacisi.≈3.33m) ma lathes azibelesyo zyakunyamuna, ikapati kupanga zibelesyo zyamakkampani amumigodi, mapaipi aamaanzi aabutale, bupati bwavalvu mbu NPS6 ~ NPS18, mpawo ilakonzya kubamba akupa ma valve woonse aakubelesya mumaanda aameenda, mpawo zintu eezyo zilatumwa ku Nanjing, Hangzhoung a Beijing. Nikwakainda "August 13′′ basinkondo bakuJapani nibakatola Shanghai mu 1937, bunji bwamafakitoli azibelesyo zyakali mufakitoli zyakanyonyoonwa amulilo wazilwanyo zyakuJapani. Mwaka wakatobela mali yakayungizigwa akutalika kubeleka alimwi. NPS14 ~ NPS36 cast iron gate valves, pesi akaambo kakutyompwa kwabuvubi, kucheya kwamakwebo, akuleka kubeleka, tiibakazwidilila pe kuti bachite kabotu kusikila buzuba bwakutalisyigwa kwa New China.
Mu 1935, basimakwebo bosanwe kubikkilizya a Li Chenghai, simakwebo wamucisi, bakatalisya antoomwe Fakitali ya Butale ya Shenyang Chengfa (yakasaanguna Fakitali ya Tieling Valve) a Shishiwei Road, Nancheng District, Shenyang City. Bambulula akupanga mavalvu. Mu 1939, fakitali yakatolwa ku Beierma Road, Tiexi District kuti iyungizigwe, mpawo maanda obile mapati aakubelekela akupanga zintu akayakidwe. Kuzikusika mu 1945, yakakomena kusika kubabelesi bali 400, mpawo zintu zipati nzyaakali kupanga zyakali: mabboila mapati, mavwili aamukuba, amavwili aamulyango wabutale bwaansi aajisi bupati butasiki ku DN800. Inkamu ya Shenyang Chengfa Iron Factory ninkamu iipanga mavwili iikatazyigwa kupona muChina yakaindi.
03Indasitiri yamavalvu kusule
Muchiindi chankondo yakulwisya Japani, makwebo miingi muShanghai amumasena amwi akalonga kuya kumusanza lwaajwe, aboobo mweelwe wamakwebo muChongqing amumasena amwi musule wakatanta, mpawo makwebo akatalika kuyaambele. Mu 1943, Chongqing Hongtai Machinery Factory antoomwe a Huachang Machinery Factory (mafakitoli oonse obile akali aakasaanguna Chongqing Valve Factory) bakatalika kubambulula akupanga zibeela zyamapaipi amavalvu aatakwe nguzu, eezyo zyakagwasya kapati mukusumpula kupanga kwachiindi chankondo mumavalvu aakusyule akumanizya mavalvu aabantu. Nikwakamana kuzundwa munkondo yakulwana baJapani, Lisheng Hardware Factory, Zhenxing Industrial Society, Jinshunhe Hardware Factory antoomwe a Qiyi Hardware Factory zyakajulwa kuchita mavalvu masyoonto. Musule akutalisyigwa kwa China mpya, mafakitali aaya akaswaanganyigwa kuba Chongqing Valve Factory.
Aachiindi eecho, bamwibasikupanga mavalvumu Shanghai awalo wakainka ku Tianjin, Nanjing a Wuxi kuyooyaka mafakitali aakubambulula akupanga mavalvu. Amwi mafakitali aazibelesyo zyakubelesya, mafakitali aamapaipi aabutale, mafakitali aamishini naakuti maanda aakupanga mato muBeijing, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, Anshan, Qingdao, Wuhan, Fuzhou aGuangzhou abalo balikuchita mulimo wakubambulula akupanga mavalvu amwi aamapayipi.
Chiindi chakutumizya: Jul-21-2022
