Bantu kanjikanji bayeeya kutivvalavuyabutale butakwe tombe alimwi tabukonzyi kubola. Kuti kakuli boobo, inga kwaba penzi abutale. Ooku nkuteelela kulubazu lumwi kujatikizya kutamvwisisisya nsimbi zitakwe tombe, eezyo zikonzya kubola mubukkale bumwi.
Butale butakwe tombe bulakonzya kukazya kupya kwamuwo—nkokuti, tazikonzyi kubola, mpawo zilakonzya kubola muzintu zijisi asidi, ma alkali, amunyo—nkokuti, kukaka kubola. Nokuba boobo, bupati bwanguzu zyakwe zyakulwana kubola zilasanduka kweendelana amakemikalu aabupange bwabutale bwayo, chiimo chakukwabililwa, bukkale bwakubelesya antoomwe amusyobo wazibelesyo zyakukwabilila busena.
Insimbi iitakwe tombe kanjikanji ilaandaanizyigwa mu:
Kanjikanji, kweendelanya abupange bwazibulo, nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi zyaandaanizyigwa muzibeela zyotatwe: nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi zya austenitic, nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi zya ferritic, ansimbi zitakwe nsimbi zya martensitic. Kwiinda muzibeela zyotatwe eezyi zyantalisyo zya metallographic, kuziyandika zimwi, nsimbi zijisi zibeela zyobile, nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi ziyuma akaambo kamvwula alimwi ansimbi zijisi busani bunji bujisi butale butasiki ku 50% zilajanwa.
1. Austenitic stainless steel.
Imatrikisi yeendelezyegwa abupange bwa austenite (CY phase) bwabupange bwa cubic crystal buli akati kabusyu, butakwe magineti, alimwi ilayumizigwa kapati akubeleka kwakutontola (alimwi kulakonzya kusololela kuzintu zimwi zyamagineti) nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi. Chikolo chaku Amelika chabutale abutale chaambwa anamba zili mumulongo wa 200 a 300, mbuli 304.
2. Insimbi iitakwe tombe.
Matrikisi ngakuti kweendelezyegwa abupange bwa ferrite ((chibeela) chabupange bwa cubic crystal buli akati kamubili, oobo bujisi nguzu zyamagineti alimwi kanjikanji tabukonzyi kuyuma kwiinda mukubelesya mulilo, pele bulakonzya kuyumizyigwa asyoonto kwiinda mukubelesya mulilo. Icikolo ca American Iron and Steel Institute cilembedwe a 430 a 446.
3. Butale butakwe tombe bwa Martensitic.
Matrix nchintu chipangidwe a martensitic (mubili-akati ka cubic naa cubic), magnetic, mpawo bube bwayo bulakonzya kuchinchululwa akupya. Chikolo cha American Iron and Steel Institute chililembedwe anamba 410, 420 antoomwe a 440. Martensite ilijisi bupange bwa austenite aawo mpokupya kapati, mpo kuti yatontozyegwa kusikila kutempelecha yeanda, bupange bwa austenite bulakonzya kusanduka kuba martensite (nkokuti, kuyuma).
4. Austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel.
Matrix ilijisi zyoonse zyobile austenite antoomwe a ferrite zibeela zyobile, mpawo zili mukati ka less-phase matrix kanjikanji zilainda a 15%. Nchintu chili amagineti mpawo chilakonzya kuyumizigwa akubeleka kakutontola. 329 ninsimbi iitakwe tombe. Kweezyanisya abutale butakwe tombe bwa austenitic, butale bujisi zibeela zyobile bulaanguzu zipati, alimwi kukazyigwa kwakubola kwamukati-kati alimwi akubola kwa chloride alimwi akubola kwamigodi zilasumpuka kapati.
5. Nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi ziyuma akaambo kamvwula.
Imatrix ilijisi bupange bwa austenite naa martensitic alimwi ilakonzya kuyuma kwiinda mukuyuma kwamvwula. Chikolo chaku Amelika cha Iron and Steel Institute chililembedwe namba ya 600, mbuli 630, eeyo iili 17-4PH.
Mukwaamba biyo, kunze lyama alloy, kukaka kubola kwa austenitic stainless steel nkubotu loko. Mubusena butakwe kubola, nsimbi iitakwe tombe ilakonzya kubelesegwa. Mubusena butakwe ntenda, ikuti naa zintu eezyo kaziyandika kuba anguzu zyaatala naakuti kuyuma, nsimbi zitakwe tombe zya martensitic antoomwe a nsimbi zitakwe tombe zikonzya kubelesegwa.
Misyobo yabutale butakwe nsimbi buzyibidwe abubotu bwayo
01 304 Insimbi Iitabi
Njimwi yazibulo zibelesyegwa kapati alimwi zibelesyegwa kapati zya austenitic stainless steels. Chili kabotu mukupanga zibeela zikwelelezyegwa loko antoomwe amapayipi aa asidi, zibelesyo, zibeela zyakupanga, zibelesyo zyaandeene, azimwi. Alimwi chilakonzya kubelesegwa kupanga zibelesyo zitabelesyi nguzu zyamagineti, zibelesyo zitapya kapati.
02 304L Insimbi Iitabi
Kuti tukonzye kumanizya penzi lyabutale butakwe kaboni butakwe kaboni bwakabambwa akaambo kakudonkola kwa Cr23C6 eezi zyakapa kuti 304 stainless steel inyonyooke kapati mubukkale bumwi, kukwabililwa kwayo kubola akati kamagolelo kuli kabotu kwiinda 304 stainless steel. Kunze lyanguzu zili munsi-munsi, zimwi zintu zili mbuli 321 stainless steel. Chibelesegwa kapati kuzibelesyo zitakonzyi kubola azibeela zitakonzyi kubelesegwa mumusamu nikwakamana kuweldwa, mpawo chilakonzya kubelesegwa kupanga zibelesyo zyaandeene.
03 304H Insimbi Iitabi
Mutabi wamukati wa 304 stainless steel ulaa kaboni mass fraction ya 0.04%-0.10%, mpawo mulimo wawo wakupya kapati uli kabotu kwiinda wa 304 stainless steel.
04 316 Insimbi Iitabi
Kuyungizya molybdenum aa 10Cr18Ni12 nsimbi kupa kuti nsimbi ibe aanguzu zyakukazya kubola kwaakati-akati akubola. Mumaanzi aalwizi azimwi zintu, kukaka kubola nkubotu kwiinda 304 stainless steel, iibelesyegwa kapati kuzintu zitakonzyi kubola.
05 316L Insimbi Iitabi
Insimbi iijisi kaboni nsyoonto kapati ilakonzya kukazya kubola kwamukati-kati alimwi ilakonzya kubelesyegwa mukupanga zibeela zijisi zibeela zipati, mbuli zintu zitakonzyi kubola muzibelesyo zya petrochemical.
06 316H Insimbi Iitabi
Mutabi wamukati wa 316 stainless steel ulaa kaboni mass fraction ya 0.04%-0.10%, mpawo mulimo wawo wakupya kapati uli kabotu kwiinda wa 316 stainless steel.
07 317 Insimbi Iitabi
Kukazya kubola kwamigodi akukazya kubola nkubotu kwiinda 316L stainless steel, eeyo iibelesyegwa mukupanga zibelesyo zitakonzyi kubola zya petrochemical antoomwe a organic acid.
08 321 Insimbi Iitabi
Butale butakwe tombe bujisi titanium, buyungizya titanium kuti bukwabilile kubola, mpawo bulaa nguzu zyakubelesya muchiindi chakupya kapati, bulakonzya kuchinchwa abutale butakwe kaboni butakwe kaboni. Kunze lyaziindi zilibedelede mbuli kupya kapati naa kutabola kwa haayidirojeni, kanjikanji takugwasyi pe kubelesyegwa.
09 347 Insimbi Iitabi
Insimbi iitakwe nsimbi iijisi niobium-stabilized austenitic, ikuyungizya niobium kuti iyungizye kukwabililwa kuzwa kukunyonyooka, kukankaminwa kwakunyonyooka mu asidi, alkali, munyo azimwi zintu zitanyonyooki zili mbuli 321 nsimbi zitakwe nsimbi, mulimo mubotu wakuwelda, ulakonzya kubelesegwa mbuli chintu chikwabilila kubola alimwi akukwabilila nsimbi zyamafuta. mbuli kupanga zibelesyo, mapaipi, zibelesyo zyakucincanya kupya, zibulo, zitofu zyamulilo muzitofu zyamafakitali, antoomwe azibelesyo zyakupima kupya.
10 904L Stainless Steel
Butale butakwe tombe bwa Austenitic buzulide nchintu chibotu loko chakapangwa aba OUTOKUMPU mu Finland. , ilijisi nguzu zyakukazya kubola muma asidi aatakwe muya mbuli sulfuric acid, acetic acid, formic acid antoomwe a phosphoric acid, alimwi ilijisi nguzu zyakukazya kubola kwa crevice a stress corrosion. Chili kabotu kumisela yiindene-indene ya sulfuric acid iili munsi a 70°C, mpawo ilijisi nguzu zyakukazya kubola mu asidi ya acetic asidi iiswaangenyi ya asidi ya asidi ya asetiki kufumbwa mboibede akupya muchiimo chili kabotu.
11 440C nsimbi zitakwe tombe
Butale butakwe tombe bwa Martensitic bulaa buyumuyumu bupati akati kabutale butakwe tombe bukonzya kuyuma alimwi abutale butakwe tombe, abuyumuyumu bwa HRC57. Zibelesyegwa kapati kupanga ma nozzles, bearings,chamupopolekwavvalavu ntalisyo,chamupopolekwavvalavu zyuuno, maanza,vvalavu miyanda, azimwi.
12 17-4PH nsimbi zitakwe tombe
Martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel iijisi buyumuyumu bwa HRC44 ilaanguzu zipati, kuyuma alimwi akukazya kubola alimwi taikonzyi kubelesyegwa mutempelecha iinda ku 300°C. Ulijisi nguzu zyakukazya kubola mumulengalenga alimwi aasidi naa munyo uusanganizidwe. Kukazya kwawo kukubola nkukozyenye a 304 stainless steel antoomwe a 430 stainless steel. Chibelesyegwa kupanga mapulatifomu aali kunkomwe yalwizi, mabbaaji aa turbine,chamupopolekwavvalavu (nsinga zyavalvu, zyuuno zyavalvu, maanza, zikobela zyavalvu) wait.
In vvalavu kubamba akusala, nzila zisiyene, zibeela, anzila zyabutale butakwe tombe zilajanwa. Notusala, penzi lyeelede kulanga-langwa kuzwa munzila zyiingi zilimbuli nzila imwi, kupya, kusinikizyigwa, zibeela zikatazya, kubola, antoomwe amali.
Chiindi chakutumizya: Jul-20-2022
